Indispensable Technology for Modern Agriculture

Greenhouse heating systems are one of the systems that play an important role in providing suitable conditions for plant growth in greenhouse construction. While these systems are made with natural gas or solid fuel boilers, innovative solutions such as geothermal resources are also used. Our company offers the most appropriate service to investors by conducting well tests and surveys to ensure the effective use of geothermal resources.

Geothermal Heating Systems

Geothermal heating systems offer an environmentally friendly and economical solution for greenhouse heating. The most suitable heating system is designed by considering the temperature, flow rate and chemical properties of thermal sources. A thermal resource in the 60-70°C temperature range provides high efficiency with low operating costs. However, careful planning is required for the sustainable use of thermal resources.

The devices used in geothermal heating systems are usually plate heat exchangers. These devices are made of titanium alloy or stainless steel and have capacities ranging from 500 kW to 10,000 kW. The geothermal heating system maintains ideal temperature and humidity levels inside the greenhouse, ensuring healthy plant growth and high productivity.

Heating Systems Using Coal Boilers

Another widely used heating system in our country is coal boilers. Although the energy value of domestic coal is high, its combustion efficiency is around 60-65%. Coal boiler heating systems attract attention with low initial installation cost, but should not be preferred due to high operation and maintenance costs. In addition, suitable temperature and humidity conditions must be ensured for the storage of coal and the preservation of combustion efficiency.

Natural Gas Heating Systems

Natural gas heating systems are another widely used option for greenhouse heating. Natural gas stands out with its high combustion efficiency (85-90%) and low operating costs. These systems, which can be easily managed with automatic control systems, also provide advantages with an economical lifetime. Natural gas contains 95% methane and is odorless; therefore, it is specially scented to detect leaks.

Greenhouse Cogeneration Systems

Cogeneration systems are an effective way to increase energy efficiency in greenhouse heating. These systems are characterized by high efficiency, producing hot water, steam or hot gas simultaneously with electricity generation. Cogeneration systems can run on a variety of fuels, such as natural gas, and also utilize waste heat, reducing energy costs. This system also utilizes the CO2 generated during electricity generation to stimulate plant growth.

The advantages of cogeneration systems include the ability to produce hot water, steam, hot gas or cold water along with electricity generation, the ability to run on a variety of fuels, low energy costs and high efficiency. In addition, cogeneration systems increase local and overall plant security, making them immune to power outages.

Trigeneration Systems

Trigeneration systems are systems created by adding a cooling function to cogeneration systems. These systems perform heating, electricity generation and cooling at the same time. Trigeneration systems offer an effective solution for greenhouse temperature control, especially in hot climates.

Greenhouse Heating Methods

Various methods are used in greenhouse heating systems. Here are some of these methods:

• Rail Heating System: It is applied by laying the heating pipes horizontally inside the greenhouse. The heating pipes used are Q51-2,5 mm black pipes. Pipes are placed on spot feet.
• Under Gutter Heating System: Used in cold climates when the track heating system is inadequate. Heating pipes are laid under the plant transportation beds.
• Plant Heating System: It is applied by laying heating pipes in 12 rows or sometimes 6 rows in each tunnel. The pipes are suspended by a special suspension system.
• Snow Melting System: It is used as an under-gutter heating system in areas with heavy snowfall. The diameter of the heating pipe used is Q51-2,0 mm.
• Perimeter Heating System: Lateral heating pipes are used according to the heating requirement of the greenhouse. The pipes used are Q51-2,0 mm in diameter and can be laid in 4 rows, 6 rows or 8 rows.

Importance of Greenhouse Heating Systems

Greenhouse heating systems are critical for healthy plant growth and high productivity. Keeping the temperature and humidity values in the greenhouse within the ideal range directly affects the development of plants. Therefore, greenhouse heating systems are an indispensable component to increase productivity in modern technological greenhouses.

Complementary Products Used in Greenhouse Heating Systems

Various complementary products are used in greenhouse heating systems. These products include rubber hoses, cantilever and suspension systems, tulle-brackets and clamps, spot feet, greenhouse heating pipes, geothermal infrastructure pipes, greenhouse heating pumps and automatic control valves.

• Rubber Hose: The Tichelmann ring is used to make the heating connection from the main heating pipe circuit to the side lines. The hose diameter used is Q27 and is usually approximately 3 meters long for each row.
• Cantilever and Hanger Systems: Used for hanging the main heating pipes inside the greenhouse. It is defined as T hanger system, U hanger system and hanger rings.
• Tülü-Marpuç and Clamp: It is used to connect to the secondary lines by taking a line from the main heating pipe. Curved tulle is mostly used in plant heating systems.
• Spot Foot: It fulfills the function of carrying rail heating and under gutter heating pipes.
• Greenhouse Heating Pipes: It fulfills the function of transporting energy in heating or cooling system. Black seam type heating pipes and industrial pipes are more commonly used in greenhouse heating systems. Geothermal infrastructure pipes are the pipes through which the energy produced in the main heat generation center is distributed underground into the greenhouse. The diameters used vary between Q38 and Q350.
• Greenhouse Heating Pumps: In the greenhouse heating system, it allows the hot water produced in the heating boiler to circulate in the greenhouse through pipes. Flow ranges are between 0-500 m3/h. Their discharge heights are between 0-100 mss. Their operating efficiency varies between 50% and 80%.
• Greenhouse Heating System Automatic Control Valves: Provides in-greenhouse energy control, keeps temperatures at a constant value and saves operating costs. Control type is open-close control and proportional control. Valve diameters are between DN32 and DN250.
• Greenhouse Heating System Shut-off and Control Elements: It is used to prevent or partially close the movement of the fluid in the heating system and to provide a smooth service process by isolating the main devices during service and maintenance. These elements include ball valves, butterfly valves, strainer, check valve, air separator, sediment separator, air purifier, manometer, thermometer and flow meter.
• Flange, Bolts, Nuts and Washers: Used as connection and joining elements.

Conclusion

Greenhouse heating systems provide the ideal temperature and humidity conditions that plants need, increasing productivity and reducing energy costs. Different heating systems such as geothermal, coal and natural gas offer greenhouse owners various advantages. Choosing the right heating system ensures healthier plants and higher productivity in the long run. In modern technological greenhouse structures, it is imperative to keep the indoor conditions at the required temperature and humidity values for plants to grow and produce quality products in all months of the year.